We norris pttersco



2 Sheets Sheet .1.

(No Model.)

vB. BROWER. LETTER PRESS COPYING BooK.

No. 464,748. Patented Deo. 8, 1891.

Z Z C a MEE/O me cams Parana so., Fumo-mum, msnmnwu, n. c.

(No Model.) l 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

B. BROWBR.

LETTER PRESS COPYING BOOK.

No. 464,748. Patented De0.'8, 1891.

ma gums versus ca muvo-umu., msmnnnm, n4 c.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

nLooMrinLD Bnownn, or Nnwvonn, NY.

LETTER-PRESS COPYING-BOOK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 464,748, dated December8, 1891. Application filed September 26, 1890. Serial No. 366,214. (Nomodel.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, BLOOMFIELD BRowER, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Letter-Press Copying-Books, fullydescribed and represented in the following specification and theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to improvements in the covers of letterpresscopying-books. These covers as now most commonly made consist of stiffsheets of pasteboard and a covering material, usually of canvas, gluedor otherwise secured to the outer surfaces of the pasteboard sheets,with its edges turned over the edges of the latter and lapped upon theirinner surfaces, the covers being secured tothe book by binding-strips atthe inner edges of the cover. From this lapping of the edges it resultsthat the body and edge portions of each cover are of varying thickness,their edge portions, upon which the covering material and binding-stripsare lapped, being thicker than the body of the cover. As a consequencethose portions of the leaves of the book which lie between the bodies ofthe two covers are not subjected to the same degree of pressure as theedge portions, the pressure upon the body portion of the book beingsomewhat less than that upon the edges thereof and often insufficient(particularly in t-he case of typewriting or very flue writing) to bringthe tissue sheet into such intimate contact with the surface containingthe writing to be copied as is necessary to secure a satisfactory copy.This want of uniformity of pressure, due to the unevenness in thicknessbetween the edges and the body, is particularly objectionable when thebook is used for copying typewritten matter, because in this case thewritten matter is impressed upon the surface, and it is essential to thesecuring of good copies that the pressure exert-ed upon the bodyportions of the covers shall be uniform and at least equal to thatexerted upon the other portions of the covers registering with theleavesof the book. l

It is the object of the present invention to obviate this difculty; andto that end the into exist.

vention consists of the improvements which will now be described inconnection with the accompanying drawings, in whiche- Figure l is a sideelevation, and Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation,.of a book providedwiththe ordinary form of covers before referred to, Fig. 1 illustrating thebook with one of its covers opened. Figs. 3 and 4 are views similar toFigs. l and 2 of a book provided with covers embodying one form of myinvention. Figs. 5 and 6 arel similar views illustrating a coverembodying another form of my invention. Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectionof Fig. 6.

Referring to Figs. l and 2, it will be seen that each cover'is made upof a sheet A, of pasteboard or other suitable material, to which thereis glued or otherwise secured a covering material B, usually of canvas,which covers the outer surfaces of the sheets A and extends across theback edge of the book.

The edges b of this covering material are turned over the outer and topand bottom edges of the cover-sheets and are glued or otherwise securedupon theirinner surfaces. Upon the inner surface of each sheet A thereis also pasted athin sheet C, of paper or l muslin, lapping the turnededges of the covering material B, which are thus hidden from view. Thecover-sheets A are secured to the book by the usual binding-strips a, ofmuslin or other suitable lnaterial.

The construction of cover which has just been described is that mostcommonly employed, in which the defects already ad verted In.I somecases the materials employed in the manufacture of these covers differfrom those referred to; but these defects are common to bothconstructions.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 4:, I will now describe the improvementsconstituting the present invention in the form in which they are thereinillustrated. In these figures the cover-sheets A and the coveringmaterial B are arranged as described in connection with Figs. l and 2.As illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, however, each of the cover-sheets A issupplemented with a sheet D, (of pasteboard preferably,) occupying thebody portion of the cover-sheet inclosed within the overlapping edges ofthe covering material B and IOO the binding-strip a. Each sheet D is ofa thickness equal to or slightly exceeding that of the materials ofwhich the covering material B and the binding-strip are composed, and ofa length and width equal to the space inclosed by the lapping edges ofthe material D and binding-strip a, and is glued `or otherwise securedto the inner surface of the cover-sheet A. The body portions of thecovers registering with the leaves of the book are thus rendered uniformin thickness, and all portions of the inner and outer surfaces thereofregistering with the leaves lie in the sameplane, respectively, and whenpressure is applied to the book it will therefore be equally exertedupon all portions of the leaves thereof. From this it results that thewriting between the leaves can be more perfectly copied than in theconstruction of cover illustrated in Figs. l and 2, and the pressureuponthe writing-surface being uniform acorresponding uniformity issecured in the copy.

Instead of making the body and edge portionsof the cover-sheetsof equalthickness throughout those -portions of the cover-sheetswhich registerwith the Writing to be copied may slightly exceed in thickness the otherportionsthereof registering with the sheets, as before noted.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 5 to 7 the sheets D arereplaced by extensions of the coveringB, forming flaps shaped so as tofit in between. the overlapping edges 0f the covering B at the top andbottom edges of the cover-sheets A and the binding-strips a at the inneredges of the cover-sheets. 'With this construction of cover the sameresults are secured as with that of Figs 3 and 4:. The latter ispreferable, however, because of greater cheapness in cost of material.

l. The combination, with a letter press copying-book, of the coveringmaterial B, having lapped edges, and supplemental sheets D, of suitablemateria1,within the lapped edges of the covering material, each of saidsupplemental sheets having a thickness uniform throughout and equal toor exceeding that of the lapped edges of the covering material,substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a letter press copying-book, of thecover-sheets A, covering material B, the edges whereof are lapped uponthe cover-sheets, and the supplemental sheets D upon the cover-sheetsAwithin the lapped edges of the covering material, each of saidsupplemental sheets having a thickness uniform throughout and equal toor exceeding that of the lapped edges of the covering material,substantially as described.

The combination, with a letter press copying-book, of the coveringmaterial B, having lapped edges, andthe supplemental sheets D, integralwith the covering material and within its lapped edges, each of said`sheets D having a thickness uniform throughout and equal to or exceedingthat of the lapped edges of the covering material, substantially as de`scribed. Y v

4. The combination, with a letter press copying-book, of thecover-sheetsA, covering material B, the edges whereof are lapped uponthe cover-sheets, and the supplemental sheets D, integral with thecovering material and lapped upon the cover-sheets A within the lappededges of the covering material, each of said sheets D having a thickness.uniform throughout and equal to or exceeding thatof the lappededges ofthel covering material, substantially` `as described.

5. The combination, with a letter press copying-book, of thecover-sheets A, bindingstrips a at the inner edges thereof, coveringmaterial B, the edges whereof are lapped upon the cover-sheets, and thesheets D upon the inner surfaces of the cover-sheets, said sheets Dhaving a thickness uniform throughout and equal to or exceeding thatofthe covering material and binding-stri ps, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

BLOOMFIELD BROVER. lllitnesses:

GEO. B. THORNE, J. J. KENNEDY.

